{"id":63861,"date":"2024-12-18T08:00:28","date_gmt":"2024-12-18T07:00:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dzogchentoday.org\/?p=63861"},"modified":"2024-12-17T19:44:12","modified_gmt":"2024-12-17T18:44:12","slug":"les-qualites-dun-disciple-selon-la-tradition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dzogchentoday.org\/fr\/les-qualites-dun-disciple-selon-la-tradition\/","title":{"rendered":"Les qualit\u00e9s d\u2019un disciple selon la tradition"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Dans \u00abLes qualit\u00e9s d\u2019un disciple selon la tradition\u00bb nous apprenons qu\u2019avoir du respect pour soi-m\u00eame peut nous apprendre \u00e0 d\u00e9passer le soi.<\/p>\n

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S\u00e9rie: Le chemin spirituel dans le Dzogch\u00e8n<\/h5>\n

 <\/p>\n

Les qualit\u00e9s d\u2019un disciple selon la tradition<\/h2>\n

Jamyang Khy\u00e8nts\u00e9 Wangpo, dit-on, ne demandait \u00e0 ses \u00e9tudiants qu\u2019une seule chose pour commencer le chemin : avoir du respect pour soi-m\u00eame<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Cela peut sembler peu de choses, mais ce peu est grand.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 notre \u00e9poque, nous sommes en effet assez accoutum\u00e9s \u00e0 de nombreuses formes d\u2019irrespect envers nous-m\u00eames, qui sont intrins\u00e8ques \u00e0 nos conditions de vie. Notre \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me est satur\u00e9 de pollutions diverses, notre nourriture est souvent de pi\u00e8tre qualit\u00e9, notre travail nous d\u00e9pla\u00eet et nous stresse, nos relations familiales ne sont pas toujours au beau fixe, notre sant\u00e9 s\u2019en ressent\u2026 On pourrait lister ind\u00e9finiment les probl\u00e9matiques.<\/p>\n

D\u00e8s lors, avoir pour pierre de fondation de cultiver le respect de soi, de conna\u00eetre ses limites, de savoir se d\u00e9vouer \u00e0 une cause mais aussi de savoir s\u2019arr\u00eater et se reposer, etc., en bref, de retrouver le temps long<\/em> de soi-m\u00eame et d\u2019une vision de soi-m\u00eame,<\/em> avoir une vision profonde sur notre \u00eatre, ce n\u2019est peut-\u00eatre pas une mauvaise id\u00e9e\u2026<\/p>\n

En tib\u00e9tain, \u00ab\u00a0disciple\u00a0\u00bb ou, dans notre contexte s\u00e9cularis\u00e9, \u00ab \u00e9tudiant\u00a0\u00bb, se dit \u00ab\u00a0dultcha\u00a0\u00bb (gdul bya<\/em>), ce qui signifie quelque chose comme \u00ab\u00a0\u00eatre \u00e0 dompter, discipliner, apprivoiser\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Pour ma part, j\u2019appr\u00e9cie bien la m\u00e9taphore de l\u2019apprivoisement car nous sommes tous un peu, \u00e0 notre mani\u00e8re, un animal sauvage qu\u2019il convient d\u2019approcher et d\u2019amadouer, pas \u00e0 pas, gentiment. Un animal sauvage qui a des tr\u00e9sors en soi, des forces int\u00e9rieures prodigieuses, mais que, tout \u00e0 sa soif de libert\u00e9 illusoire et vagabonde, il dilapide \u2014 et ce, sans pouvoir les canaliser en direction de la libert\u00e9 ultime, elle qui est libre de tous les concepts de libert\u00e9.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\n

“Nous sommes tous un peu, \u00e0 notre mani\u00e8re, un animal sauvage qu\u2019il convient d\u2019approcher et d\u2019amadouer pas \u00e0 pas.”<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Il ne s\u2019agit pas, alors, de voir la m\u00e9thode du domptage comme un passage en force ou une soumission. Bien au contraire, les grands dompteurs de chevaux r\u00e9tifs leur apprennent \u00e0 transcender leur peur, corps \u00e0 corps et souffle \u00e0 souffle, pour leur enseigner quelque chose de plus grand qu\u2019eux-m\u00eames : \u0153uvrer ensemble au bien commun. L\u2019union des deux, \u00e0 ce moment-l\u00e0, transcendera le simple bin\u00f4me, pour rejoindre l\u2019immensit\u00e9 de l\u2019espace qui contient l\u2019infinit\u00e9 des \u00eatres\u2026 \u00e0 apprivoiser \u00e0 leur tour.<\/p>\n

Oui, c\u2019est ainsi : dans la relation collaborative \u00e0 son enseignant, le disciple d\u00e9couvre au fur et \u00e0 mesure les ressources merveilleuses de ce lien unique entre tous, ressources qu\u2019il n\u2019avait qu\u2019entraper\u00e7ues au d\u00e9but, et qui font la richesse de son chemin, ses joies comme ses challenges.<\/p>\n

La tradition parle ainsi des trois caract\u00e9ristiques (mtshan nyid gsum<\/em>) du disciple, des trois qualit\u00e9s qui structurent son chemin et vont y gagner en intensit\u00e9 au fur et \u00e0 mesure :<\/p>\n

Tout d\u2019abord, (1) un esprit clair (blo gsal)<\/em> :<\/p>\n

pas besoin d\u2019avoir fait de grandes \u00e9coles, il suffit simplement de bien vouloir s\u2019interroger sur le sens de l\u2019existence, de savoir se remettre en cause, de prendre en compte les le\u00e7ons de ses exp\u00e9riences, heureuses ou malheureuses. En bref, il faut savoir apprendre<\/em>, ou en tout cas, essayer d\u2019apprendre \u00e0 apprendre. Donc, continuer, petit \u00e0 petit et chacun \u00e0 sa mesure, d\u2019exercer son intelligence, d\u2019\u00e9tudier, r\u00e9\u00e9tudier et d\u00e9cortiquer les enseignements, de faire les liens entre les diff\u00e9rents niveaux de compr\u00e9hension et de pratique, pour voir progressivement \u00e9merger leurs grandes structures internes et leur coh\u00e9rence intrins\u00e8que.<\/p>\n

Ensuite, (2) le d\u00e9sir de conna\u00eetre (shes \u2018dod<\/em>) :<\/p>\n

on pourrait dire aussi \u201cl\u2019app\u00e9tit pour la connaissance\u201d, \u201cla soif de savoir\u201d, la curiosit\u00e9<\/em> : c\u2019est elle, en effet, qui va nous pousser plus loin sur le chemin de la compr\u00e9hension et qui va nous permettre le retour r\u00e9flexif sur nos exp\u00e9riences provisoires ; c\u2019est cette curiosit\u00e9 qui va nous entra\u00eener \u00e0 \u00e9tudier la tradition (par les livres, par les voyages, par les visites et les p\u00e8lerinages), et c\u2019est cette connaissance patiemment accumul\u00e9e qui va nous permettre de requ\u00e9rir avec mesure et raison des enseignements adapt\u00e9s. Car, nous dit l\u2019adage, \u00ab\u00a0on ne re\u00e7oit pas d\u2019enseignement si on ne le demande pas\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

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Enfin, (3) le respect au(x) ma\u00eetre(s) (gus pa<\/em>) :<\/p>\n

le terme est traduit par \u00ab\u00a0respect\u00a0\u00bb, mais il a aussi une connotation d\u2019enthousiasme, d\u2019appr\u00e9ciation profonde, de sentiment de r\u00e9jouissance devant la beaut\u00e9 et la grandeur ; c\u2019est une estime<\/em> m\u00eal\u00e9e d\u2019humilit\u00e9<\/em> ; selon les temp\u00e9raments et les app\u00e9tences terminologiques de chacun, on pourra \u00e9galement le traduire par \u00ab\u00a0d\u00e9votion\u00a0\u00bb ou \u00ab\u00a0v\u00e9n\u00e9ration\u00a0\u00bb pour les plus old school<\/em> d\u2019entre nous.<\/p>\n

Un mot de pr\u00e9caution ici :<\/p>\n

le respect au ma\u00eetre, certes, a ce quelque chose de naturel de la manifestation spontan\u00e9e d\u2019un lien direct, profond, naturellement pr\u00e9sent depuis toujours. C\u2019est l\u2019exp\u00e9rience de retrouver ce qu\u2019on a toujours cherch\u00e9 sans jamais arriver \u00e0 mettre un mot ou un visage dessus ; c\u2019est, pour certains, comme se retrouver devant un tr\u00e8s vieux parent, l\u2019anc\u00eatre d\u2019une famille oubli\u00e9e, plus proche et plus intime que tous les liens qu\u2019on avait pu se faire jusqu\u2019\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent.<\/p>\n

N\u00e9anmoins, pour un certain nombre d\u2019entre nous, ce lien se construit tranquillement par l\u2019observation patiente et mesur\u00e9e des actes et paroles du ma\u00eetre, lequel se comporte selon les Quatre attraits<\/em> (bsdu ba bzhi<\/em> : don de ce qui est n\u00e9cessaire, paroles bienveillantes, conduite remplie de sens et conforme aux enseignements, coh\u00e9rence entre les mots et les actes). Il est r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9 que l\u2019on peut, sans que cela soit une faute, observer un ma\u00eetre une dizaine d\u2019ann\u00e9es avant de s\u2019engager aupr\u00e8s de lui comme disciple. \u00ab\u00a0Patience est m\u00e8re de vertu\u00a0\u00bb.\u00a0<\/p>\n

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Sans aller aussi loin, il pourrait \u00eatre bien, \u00e0 notre \u00e9poque faite d\u2019urgences, de lives<\/em> et de messageries instantan\u00e9es, de prendre le temps d\u2019examiner et d\u2019interroger (diplomatiquement et paisiblement) la conduite de quelqu\u2019un qui se pr\u00e9sente comme enseignant ou ma\u00eetre. Il ne s\u2019agira en aucun cas de mettre en cause ou de confronter publiquement (ce que la tradition tend \u00e0 r\u00e9prouver), mais bien plut\u00f4t d\u2019explorer ce que disent les textes, diserts en la mati\u00e8re, sur les qualit\u00e9s et pr\u00e9-requis n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 la d\u00e9livrance de l\u2019enseignement vaste et profond, et \u00e0 l\u2019exercice d\u2019un magist\u00e8re spirituel en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral.<\/p>\n

Ce \u00ab\u00a0respect\u00a0au ma\u00eetre \u00bb, qui est la troisi\u00e8me qualit\u00e9 du disciple, est donc tr\u00e8s loin de tout aveuglement b\u00e9at et de tout fanatisme, loin aussi de toute opposition syst\u00e9matique st\u00e9rile. Ce respect est fond\u00e9 sur l\u2019analyse, la r\u00e9flexion, la comparaison entre ce que disent les textes traditionnels des ma\u00eetres, et ce que le ma\u00eetre incarne de son enseignement (dans les conditions qui sont les n\u00f4tres, diff\u00e9rentes des conditions traditionnelles indo-himalayennes).<\/p>\n

Cela dit, il est vrai qu\u2019avec le temps, notre compr\u00e9hension des extraordinaires qualit\u00e9s des ma\u00eetres de notre temps s\u2019accro\u00eet. Et le respect se transforme en une admiration<\/em> (autre traduction pour gus pa<\/em>) sans borne, que ces mots sont bien incapables de rendre.<\/p>\n

Respecter ce qui nous d\u00e9passera toujours, c\u2019est cela, le plus grand des respects de soi.<\/p>\n

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Dans \u00abLes qualit\u00e9s d\u2019un disciple selon la tradition\u00bb nous apprenons qu\u2019avoir du respect pour soi-m\u00eame peut nous apprendre \u00e0 d\u00e9passer le soi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":63846,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[117,184,1204],"tags":[1395,1616,229,1618,1283],"class_list":["post-63861","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-fr","category-culture-et-traditions","category-laventure-dzogchen","tag-chemin","tag-disciple","tag-dzogchen","tag-jamyang-khyentse-wangpo","tag-maitre"],"yoast_head":"\nLes qualit\u00e9s d\u2019un disciple selon la tradition - 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